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Timeline-testKatherine Barry2018-09-04T13:28:52+12:00

1820 - 1834 • European traders stationed at both Mōkau and Kawhia harbours.

• ‘Golden Years’ as Ngāti Maniapoto are active traders. They owned ships, flour mills, cattle, horses, pigs, wheat fields. Ngāti Maniapoto ships include the Rere-wiki, the Parininihi, the Re-wini and the Aotearoa.

• Wesleyan Methodist missionaries established at Kāwhia followed by further settlements at Mōkau
• Potatau signs He Whakaputanga o te Rangatiratanga o Nu Tirene. No other Ngāti Maniapoto chief signs.

• Further Weslyan missions established and includes separate schools for native and half-caste children at Ōtawhao (Te Awamutu)
1835 Treaty of Waitangi, Kawhia sheet Section 71 of the NZ Constitutional Act 1852 provides for Native districts Ngati Maniapoto Historical Timeline Click to reveal picture ^ Click for additional info ERA: PRODUCTIVE & PROSPEROUS Government buys four blocks of land totalling about 27,300 hectares around Mōkau and awakino between 1854 and 1857 Treaty of Waitangi signed; Taonui, Te Ngohi (Rewi’s father), Haupokia te Pakaru, Tariki, Nūtoni Te Waraki. ^
Te Puna ō te Roimata hui at Haurua solidifies Ngāti Maniapoto support for the Kingitanga and Pōtatau as the 1st Māori king.

Kīngitanga established. Rewi Maniapoto raises the King’s flag at Ngaruawāhia hui.

Tawhiao proclaimed second Māori king on 5 July 1860.

Rewi Maniapoto supports Wiremu Kingi Te Rangitāke to fight against land sales at Waitara.
1857 - 1860 1857 Haurua Kingitanga Monument Government buys four blocks of land totaling about 27,300 hectares around Mōkau and Awakino between 1854 and 1857. 1861 Ngāti Maniapoto population estimated to be 2585. Waikato prisoners who would eventually
become refugees
1863 - 1864 Ngāti Maniapoto deploy taua to the Battle of Rangiriri.

Rangiaowhia invaded and the settlement sacked.

The Battle of Ōrakau led by Rewi Maniapoto.

Aukati established and protected.,

King Tāwhiao and approximately 2600 Waikato refugees retreat across the Puniu river.
Tāwhiao, Second Māori King ERA: CONSOLIDATION ERA: CROWN AGREEMENT SELF DETERMINATION ^ ^ ^
1865 - 1868 Native Land Court established in 1865 to individualise title and breakdown Māori communal living.

Native Schools Act 1867 premised on an assimilationist policy and the suppression of te reo Māori.
1867 Māori Representation Act 1869 Wetere Te Rerenga sacked the redoubt at Pukearuhe (White Cliffs).Rev. John Whitely killed.

Ngāti Maniapoto peace negotiations with Donald Mclean at Te Pahiko near Te Kuiti.
Wetere Te Rerenga and 99 others signed a lease agreement with Joshua Jones or ‘Mokau Jones’ for about 56,000 acres in the Mokau Mohakatino block. Much controversy surrounds this dubious lease agreement. 1873 Te Kooti Rikirangi and 60-70 followers reside in Rereahu at Te Miringa, Te Hape and Tokangamutu for 10 years. As a gesture of thanks, Te Tokanganui-a-noho was built to be a whare rūnanga in Te Kuiti ^ Te Kooti ERA: CROWN AGREEMENT & SELF DETERMINATION
1878 - 1880 Rewi meets Grey at Waitara and the ‘tree of peace’ flourishes.

Rewi described the boundaries of what he considered to be their territory which was essentially to become known as the Rohe Pōtae.

Government build Rewi a house at Kihikihi.
1881 Wahanui present when Tawhiao makes the presentation
of guns to Major William Mair at Alexandra. This token
is his declaration that there would be no more fighting and peace is to prevail.

Bryce invades Parihaka. Maniapoto people at Parihaka. Where Maniapoto people were residing at the time.
Wetere Te Rerenga and 99 others signed a lease agreement with Joshua Jones or ‘Mokau Jones’ for about 56,000 acres in the Mokau Mohakatino block. Much controversy surrounds this dubious lease agreement. 1882 Rewi Maniapoto referred to his long wish “of making the whole of the territory a reserve under my own, that is, the Māori mana ....”

Rewi and Wahanui assert rights to Mōkau lands vis á vis Ngāti Tama claims in Native Land Court.

Mōkau-Mohakatino block passed through the Native Land Court at Waitara so that legal title could be established and the lease legally secured.

So called Joshua Jones leases which would become very controversial. Wahanui.
Wahanui Huatare, the great Ngāti
Maniapoto diplomat and negotiator.
ERA: CROWN AGREEMENT & SELF DETERMINATION LAND FRAGMENTATION & POLITICAL ADVOCACY ^
1882 Rewi participates in Native Land Court at Cambridge to defend interests against Ngāti Haua.

Native Minister Bryce meets with Tawhiao. Tawhiao rejects Bryce’s proposals. Bryce blames Wahanui makes veiled threats to Wahanui.

Maniapoto designates a Rohe Pōtae which includes Ngāti Raukawa, Tūwharetoa and Whanganui territories as part of an alliance. This work is led by Taonui.
The Native Lands Rating Act 1882
introduces rates on Māori land.

Amnesty Act
1883 Tension increases with Bryce desire to acquire land Tawhiao opposed to Government surveying land at Kawhia Government also threatening to open up the 50,000 acres it had supposedly purchased at Mōkau.

Alexandra meeting between Wahanui, Rewi and Bryce regarding the surveying of the main trunkline. – te Ara a Tūrongo. There was to be no other land surveys in the area.

Ngāti Maniapoto petitioned to Parliament to establish their own rūnanga or committee for their lands. The first part of the ‘Sacred Compact’ as referred to by Ngāti Maniapoto. Wahanui later refers to this as ‘te ki tapu’.
Native Land Alienation Restriction Act 1884 reasserts
the Crown’s right of pre-emption in the King Country.
Gives the Crown a monopoly on the purchase of Native land.
John Bryce ERA: LAND FRAGMENTATION & POLITICAL ADVOCACY ^ ^ 1882 Te Rohe Potae Aotea Block
1884 1885 ERA: LAND FRAGMENTATION & POLITICAL ADVOCACY Wahanui reminds Native Minister Hon John Ballance of the 'contract' made in 1883. Issue around rates raised by John Ormsby. Ballance agrees that government should abstain from proclaiming land under the Native lands Rating Act 1822 along the line of the railway, or along the roads leading up to the railway.

Te taiaha 'Maungarongo' gifted as a gesture of goodwill for Ballance

Wahanui turns first sod for the railway and calls it Te Ara Tūrongo. Refers to the puniu river as an 'aukati' for alcohol. Some confusion as to whether the land for the railway was gifted or to be paid for. In any case it was only to be one chain wide and not impetus for the opening up of the area for land purchases.
Kawhia committee set up under the Native Committees Act. Limited self-management of local affairs.

Wahanui protests the sale of liquor within the region. The Blue Ribbon movement circulate a petition which is signed by 1400 signatories asking that a liquor license not be permitted within their district.

Wahanui seeks approval from Parliament for administration of their own territory.
^
1886 - 1888 1891 Wahanui, Taonui and thirty Ngāti Maniapoto chiefs requested a hotel license at Otorohanga ERA: BROKEN PROMISES & LAND ACQUISITION Ngāti Maniapoto leaders agree to put an application to the Native Land Court for their external boundary. Court building constructed at Otorohanga.

Wahanui complains about the Native Land Court and repaid land loss of Ngāti Maniapoto

Royal Comissions into the Joshua Jones leases re Mōkau-Mohakatino
The North Island Main Trunk Railway Loan Application Act Amendment Act - the King Country lands were again placed under restriction, saving the preemptive rights of the Crown, for a term of two years. 1889
1892 1905 Wahanui Huatare dies. Māori Land Administration Act 1905 replaces Land Councils with
Land Boards. Maniapoto-Tūwharetoa Land Board established.
The Act greatly expanded potential use of compulsory vesting in
the boards of Māori-owned land in the other districts , following
Native Land court investigations of its title. The Māori Land
Boards were to administer vested land for the 'benefit' of the
owners, but this included leasing it out for as long as 50 years.
ERA: RAPID LAND LOSS DISCONNECTION, POLICY ADVOCACY Taonui Hikaka dies. 1889 In April and May, Ngāti Maniapoto organise meetings, and a petiton is drafted by Pepene Eketone and others and presented to the governement. Pepene's main plea was that Māori should be treated as responsible people. Rewi Maniapoto dies not long after a monument is erected for him

The Native Land Court Act again continues the restrictions against private dealings and the Crown monopoly on the purchase price for Native land.

Mahuta installed as 3rd Māori King.
1897 Te Kawenata o Ngāti Maniapoto me ōna hapū maha - an attempt to unite a divided tribe and perpetuate Maniapototanga as the foundation of its identity 1904 ^ The Native Land Purchases
Act 1892 continues the restrictions
against private dealings.
278,250 acres alienated October
1897 to June 1898
1895 Native Township Act which allows Crown
to form townships on Maori land. This includes
Te Kuiti and Otorohanga
^
1907 Newspaper report that 100,000,000ft of King Country timber over
an area of 10,000 acres to be milled over the next 20 years.
ERA: RAPID LAND LOSS DISCONNECTION, POLICY ADVOCACY Ngata-Stout COmmission into Natice Lands. Interim report on King Country noted "We are not aware of any Native district, which until 1888 was closed to the law-courts, where the NAtive Land Court has been so active and where subdivision has proceeded so far as in this portion of the Rohe Pōtae... settlement came, "not singles psies but in battalions."

Another Royal Commissions into the Joshua Jones leases.
Ngāti Maniapoto host national hui which promotes the maintenece of Māoritanga - 'Me hoki ki tatou Māoritanga'. Sir James Caroll (Acting PM) and Apirana Ngata in attendance.

Government investigation into Joshua Jones leases. The protracted wrangling speaks to the dubious nature of these transactions. Te Rata installed as 4th Māori King.
1908 - 1912 Public Works Act - The Waikeria lands were taken
under the Public Works Act for a Reformatory farm
and Tokanui Mental Hospital in ther period 1908 to 1912
By the end of 1910, land in Māori ownership had fallen
to 960,374 acres, or just under 50 percent of the Te Rohe Pōtae district
1914 ERA: CALL TO SERVICE & POLITICAL ADVOCACY 50th anniversary of Ōrakau commemorated

Outbreak of WW1 and Ngāti Maniapoto men respond to the call for arms.

Te Kawenata o te Whakakotahitanga o Ngāti Maniapoto ki te Kingitanga reaffirming the Kingitanga relationship. Te Nehenehenui Monument unveiled at Te Tokanui-a-noho.
1919 - 1933 Monument at Te Tokanui-a-noho unveiled to World War Ngāti Maniapoto servicement, 1919. Issues around treatment of these servicement compared to Pākehā veterans.

Ngāti Maniapoto hui to discuss the issues of rates, 1928. Ngata inattendance. He reminds the hui that Ballance promised no rates until the land is developed.

Koroki installed as 5th Māori King, 1933.
^
1939 - 1946 1905 ERA: STEMMING THE TIDE OF NEGATIVE INFLUENCE & POLITICAL ADVOCACY Intense urban migration of Ngāti Maniapoto individuals and families. Social and cultural dislocation result from this.

Mclintock Report - parliament historian tasked with investigating the King Country liqour question. Rejects ever a pact to keep the King Country dry.

King Country prohibition lifted, 1954
Ngāti Maniapoto men and women answer the call to service with the onset of World War Two 1949 'Te Kingi Kanatere Ohaki Tapu me te komihana Raihana: the King Country Sacred Pact and the licensing Commission' document produced by Māori King Country Sacred Pact Committee arguing for the continuation of prohibition.

Supported by King Koroki. Origins of the phrase Te Ohāki Tapu which can be attributed to Tainui scholar Pei Te Hurinui Jones
^ Waikato-Maniapoto Claims Settlement
Act. Ngāti Paretekawa and Ngāti Ngutu
who are reffered to as Maniapoto hapū.
1960 - 1970 2006 - 2014 ERA: RESOLUTION OF RAUPATU & POLITICAL ADVOCACY Tūheitia crowned the 6th Māori King, 2006

150th Anniversary of the Battle of Ōrakau commemorated
100th anniversary of the Battle of Ōrakau commemorated, 1964

Te Atairangikaahu installed as Māori Queen, 1966
1988 - 2001 Maniapoto Māori Trust Board established Ngāti Maniapoto popultion - 33,627 Nga Wai o Maniapoto (Waipa River ) Act Ngāti Maniapoto population - 35,358 Ngāti Maniapoto population - 27,168
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